La Puebla de Arganzón

La Puebla de Arganzón and the adjacent municipality of Condado de Treviño together constitute the enclave of Treviño, part of the territory of Burgos, surrounded by the Basque province of Álava.

La Puebla de Arganzón has a surface area of 18.87 square kilometres (7.29 sq mi) with a population of 529 and a population density of 28.03 per square kilometre (72.6/sq mi).

The municipality of La Puebla de Arganzón is made up of two towns, the more important one sharing the name La Puebla de Arganzón; the other is Villanueva de la Oca, a small rural community.

There was older settlement named Arganzón, about a kilometre away from the present La Puebla. Its existence is cited as early as the year 871, but it disappeared in the 18th century.

The present Puebla de Arganzón was founded toward the end of the 12th century, at a time of border wars between the kingdoms of Castile and Navarre. It obtained a fuero establishing it as a community in 1191. According to José Joaquín de Landázuri, that fuero was granted by the Navarrese king Sancho VI ("Sancho el Sabio", "Sancho the Wise"), not by Alfonso VIII of Castile.

A large part of medieval La Puebla de Arganzón, a boat-shaped area that stretches from north to south, survives today, although new development has increased the size and population in recent years.